This page provides some background information to help you understand what a gynaecologist is and whether is the right specialist for you.

If you native language is Italian and you find easier to speak to a doctor in your mother-tongue, please check out our directory of Italian speaking gynaecologists in London and the UK

A gynaecologist is a doctor who specializes in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of gynaecological problems (those related to the female reproductive system such as: vagina, uterus, ovaries and breasts).

Most gynaecologists work also in obstetrics, which focuses on pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period (they are often called OB/GYN).

Doctors who want to become gynaecologists need to complete a Gynaecology Training speciality course, which can take up to seven years.

The most common problems treated by this professional are:

  • Benign conditions (for example, ovarian cysts, vulvar and vaginal ulcers)

  • Abnormal bleeding from the uterus

  • Cancers of the reproductive tract and breasts, and pregnancy-related tumors

  • Congenital abnormalities of the female reproductive tract

  • Cytology abnormalities (cell abnormalities, including those related to cancer)

  • Ectopic pregnancy

  • Emergency care (for conditions involving bleeding, for example)

  • Endometriosis

  • Fibroids/myomas of the uterus

  • Pelvic inflammatory diseases

  • Pelvic pain – both acute and chronic

  • Benign breast disorders

  • Pelvic problems (including defects in the pelvic floor)

  • Disorders of reproductive physiology and hormones (for example, anovulation and hirsutism)

  • Early pregnancy loss

  • Polycystic ovary syndrome

  • Family planning (contraception, sterilization, pregnancy termination)

  • Sexually transmitted infections

  • Urinary and fecal incontinence.

During a visit, the gynaecologist will collect information about the medical history of the patient and might carry out a pelvic examination or a breast examination.

The consultant might also use some diagnostic and surgical procedures including:

  • colposcopy (microscopic examination of the cervix);

  • hysteroscopy (using an endoscope to see into the uterus);

  • ultrasound scanning;

  • biopsy.